Ten US Baptist missionaries have been charged with kidnapping for trying to take 33 children out of Haiti to a hastily arranged refuge just as officials were trying to protect children from predators in the chaos of a great earthquake.
The Haitian lawyer who represents the 10 Americans portrayed nine of his clients as innocents caught up in a scheme they did not understand.
But attorney Edwin Coq did not defend the actions of the group leader, Laura Silsby, though he continued to represent her.
"I'm going to do everything I can to get the nine out. They were naive. They had no idea what was going on and they did not know that they needed official papers to cross the border," Coq said.
"But Silsby did."
The Americans, most members of two Idaho churches, said they were rescuing abandoned children and orphans from a nation that Unicef says had 380,000 even before the catastrophic January 12 quake.
But at least two-thirds of the children, who range in age from 2 to 12, have parents who gave them away because they said the Americans promised the children a better life.
The investigating judge, who interviewed the missionaries, found sufficient evidence to charge them for trying to take the children across the border into the Dominican Republic on January 29 without documentation, Coq said.
Each was charged with one count of kidnapping, which carries a sentence of five to 15 years in prison, and one of criminal association, punishable by three to nine years.
Coq said the case would be assigned a judge and a verdict could take three months.
The magistrate, Mazard Fortil, left without making a statement.
Social Affairs Minister Jeanne Bernard Pierre, who has harshly criticised the missionaries, refused to comment.
The government's communications minister, Marie-Laurence Jocelyn Lassegue, said only that the next court date had not been set.
US Ambassador Kenneth Merten showed up after 5 pm outside judicial police headquarters, where the Americans are being held and where President Rene Preval and top ministers now have temporary offices because theirs were destroyed in the quake.
"The US justice system cannot interfere in what's going on with these Americans right now," he told reporters. "The Haitian justice system will do what it has to do."
US consular officials have been making regular visits to the missionaries.
Earlier this week, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton called the Americans' behaviour "unfortunate whatever the motivation".
State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley said the US was open to discuss "other legal avenues" for the defendants, an apparent reference to the Haitian prime minister's earlier suggestion that Haiti could consider sending the Americans back to the United States for prosecution.
It's unlikely the Americans could be tried back home, according to Christopher J. Schmidt, an expert on international child kidnapping law in St Louis, Missouri.
US statutes may not even apply, he said, since the children never crossed an international border.
Silsby waved and smiled faintly to reporters but declined to answer questions as the Baptists were whisked away from the closed court hearing back to the holding cells where they have been held since Saturday.
People rendered homeless by the quake sat idly under tarps in the parking lot, smoke rising from a cooking fire.
Earlier, Silsby expressed optimism about being released.
"We expect God's will will be done. And we will be released. And we're looking forward to what God is going to do," she told APTN before learning they would be charged.
Coq complained about conditions where the Americans were being held. He said they are sleeping on the floor without blankets and aren't being provided with adequate food.
He said he had delivered pizza and sandwiches.
Silsby had begun planning last summer to create an orphanage for Haitian children in the Dominican Republic. When the earthquake struck she recruited other church members to help kick her plans into high gear.
The 10 Americans rushed to Haiti and spent a week gathering children for their project. Most of the children came from the quake-ravaged village of Callebas, where residents told The Associated Press that they handed over their children to the Americans because they were unable to feed or clothe them after the earthquake.
They said the missionaries promised to educate the children and let relatives visit. Their stories contradicted Silsby's account that the children came from collapsed orphanages or were handed over by distant relatives.
She said the Americans believed they had all the paperwork needed - documents she said she obtained in the Dominican Republic - to take the children out of Haiti.
"They are very precious kids that have lost their homes and families and are so deeply in need of, most of all, God's love and his compassion," she told the AP.
The Dominican consul in Haiti, Carlos Castillo, said on Thursday that the day the Americans departed for the border, Silsby visited him and said he had a document from Dominican migration officials authorisng her to extract the children from Haiti.
Castillo said he warned Silsby that if she lacked adoption papers signed by the appropriate Haitian officials her mission would be considered child trafficking.
"We were very specific," he said.
A Roman Catholic official in the Dominican Republic, meanwhile, said that Silsby had agreed to rent 45 rooms at a former hotel owned by the Church in Cabarete, a northern beach resort.
Silsby agreed to rent the rooms for $US7000 a month and solicited a list of required repairs, said Jose Hidalgo, the real estate agent who brokered the deal.
The assistant pastor of Silsby's church in Meridian, Idaho, said neither Central Valley Baptist Church nor any of the missionaries' relatives had any comment about the decision to charge the Americans.
Drew Ham had defended the missionaries on Wednesday, saying they were putting the childrens' interests first at a time of chaos.
The church was locked on Thursday afternoon but lights were on. Signs on the church's front door said "No Entrance. Thank you for your understanding."
The children are being cared for at the Austrian-run SOS Children's Village in Port-au-Prince. An official there, Patricia Vargas, said none of the children who are old enough to talk have said they were orphans.