Thousands spent the night in the open, their mothers trying vainly to shield them from the chilly rain with cotton cloth or plastic sheets torn from sacks. Many are so weak and malnourished they have no protection against disease.
The U.N. humanitarian agency said Sunday that the violence has forced 250,000 people from their homes since rebels began their offensive in late August, swelling a refugee population that already stood at 1 million. More than 60 percent of the refugees are children, according to UNICEF.
Aid groups say that children are being disproportionately hit by a crisis that could expand into a full-blown humanitarian disaster if assistance is not widely distributed soon.
"We're all so hungry. And today it doesn't look like we'll get any food again," said 13-year-old Louise Maombi, who was comforting her sick 3-year-old brother outside a free clinic in a camp nearly four miles (six kilometers) north of the provincial capital of Goma. Twishime was sweating, running a high fever and crying that his body ached - typical signs of malaria.
Jaya Murthy, the spokesman in Goma for UNICEF, said emergency food, medication and tablets to chlorinate water had arrived from Rwanda on Saturday and would soon be distributed at the Kibati camp. With many aid workers having fled eastern Congo, the UN humanitarian agency said it would be Tuesday before food would arrive at Kibati, where the population has swelled from 15,000 to 50,000.
Even before the latest crisis, children at Kibati were reaching the "emergency threshold" where 10 percent are "skin and bones and the last stage before they perish," Murthy said.
"We know the children are famished," he said. "We don't normally feel the type of desperation" displayed this week at Kibati.
The situation in eastern Congo "could have catastrophic consequences for hundreds of thousands of children who are weak, hungry and vulnerable to killer diseases," he said. "If there is no immediate help many could die."
Nurse Justin Majuwa of the Los Angeles-based International Medical Corps said the worst problems at Kibati's clinic were malaria and acute diarrhea, diseases that can kill a weak baby in two or three days.
In the last couple of days, tens of thousands have headed north behind rebel lines, saying they had no choice but to get home because they could find no shelter or food.
On Saturday, a disconsolate woman wept on the roadside north of Kibati: She had fled the violence into neighboring Uganda and was making her way back through the forest when she lost her only son.
"What shall I do? What will become of me?" she wailed, tearing at the braids on her head. "I can't go home without him and I can't find him."
She was too distraught to give her name.
