The kid chops and changes

Jaden Smith trained for four months to hone his fighting, studying under Wu Gang, Jackie Chan's...
Jaden Smith trained for four months to hone his fighting, studying under Wu Gang, Jackie Chan's stunt co-ordinator, before filming 'The Karate Kid'.
For years, Sony Pictures considered - and then decided against - updating The Karate Kid, its 1984 family film about a browbeaten kid (Ralph Macchio) with a single mom and the enigmatic martial arts coach (Noriyuki "Pat" Morita) who teaches the boy to believe in himself, catch a fly with chopsticks and kick some bully butt along the way.

Sony had pretty much beaten the franchise into submission, with the third sequel, 1994's The Next Karate Kid featuring 19-year-old Hilary Swank, marking the series' commercial and critical tap-out (a domestic gross of just $US8.9 million, a Rotten Tomatoes score of a mere 6% positive).

Even though almost every studio was rebooting long-dormant franchises with mixed results - Superman Returns, AVP: Alien vs. Predator, Star Trek, among the disinterred titles - Sony did not want to make another Karate Kid movie just because the title was lying fallow.

Jaden Smith as Dre Parker and Taraji P. Henson as his mother Sherry in The Karate Kid.
Jaden Smith as Dre Parker and Taraji P. Henson as his mother Sherry in The Karate Kid.
"This is a valuable property," says Doug Belgrad, president of Sony's Columbia Pictures, recalling his thinking at the time. "We better have the right idea, or it's not worth doing."

So even when Overbrook Entertainment, the production company for Sony's biggest star, Will Smith, pitched Sony on a Karate Kid remake featuring Smith's 11-year-old, martial-arts-obsessed son (and his co-star in The Pursuit of Happyness), Jaden, in the Macchio role, the studio demurred.

Finally, just as Beijing was about to host 2008's Summer Olympics, Overbrook altered its pitch: What if the new version was set in China?

With more than 1.3 billion residents, China is both the world's most populous nation and one of Hollywood's biggest challenges, with borders to entry almost as tall as the Great Wall.

Jackie Chan (Mr Han) and Jaden Smith. Photo supplied.
Jackie Chan (Mr Han) and Jaden Smith. Photo supplied.
China can be one of the biggest-grossing countries outside the United States for certain films, even though DVD piracy is rampant and there are not a lot of theatres; Avatar grossed the local currency equivalent of $US195 million ($NZ275 million), the most of any nation beyond American borders.

Paramount's Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen and Sony's 2012 (in which Chinese ark builders help save the planet) were also huge hits in the country, and business is booming for Chinese movies too, such as John Woo's historical epic Red Cliff. Total Chinese box-office returns surged more than 40% to more than $US900 million in 2009.

If Sony made Karate Kid with a Chinese partner, it could be a part of that Asian gold rush, but the deal would come with some foreseeable obstacles, including possible government censorship.

Belgrad did not think long before giving his answer. "That was enough to say yes," says Belgrad, who had long been fascinated by the country.

The Karate Kid decision not only launched the biggest modern movie co-production between an American studio and China but also opened up the film to government-mandated creative controls that ultimately yielded two slightly different movies, as Chinese censors asked that several scenes, including sequences of bullying and a kiss between two young characters, be trimmed.

Although the production, which puts action star Jackie Chan in the Morita role was granted vital access to an array of spectacular Chinese locations - the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Wudang Mountain - the filmmakers also had to negotiate sometimes Byzantine rules.

Try to film a movie in Los Angeles, and the locals will grudgingly get out of the way. Not so in Beijing. "The people run the country," says James Lassiter, who is Overbrook's president and serves as a Karate Kid producer. "So if people didn't want you shooting in their neighbourhood, there's no authority that can tell them they have to. That's why it's called the People's Republic of China."

The film-makers, who hired a number of Chinese crew members, say the production inconveniences were minor and the creative conversations with partner China Film Group Corp easily resolved.

As part of Sony's deal, the government-run movie company invested about $US5 million in the film's $US40 million budget, retaining Karate Kid's distribution rights in China.

The film's director, Harald Zwart (Agent Cody Banks, The Pink Panther 2), says that he never felt there was government pressure to steer the movie in a certain political direction, even though Karate Kid depicted working-class communities as a little bit ramshackle.

"There was never any question of don't show this and don't show that," Zwart says. Zwart personally made the edits for the Chinese version, clipping the chaste smooch between Smith's Dre Parker and his girlfriend, Mei Ying (Wenwen Han). "I am not going to be an expert on what works in China," Zwart says. "But I think the Chinese version is a beautiful movie."

For all the growth in China's movie business, the country allows only 20 non-Chinese movies into the country's theatres every year, and the Government dictates the distribution terms, which return only about 13% of a film's ticket sales to its makers (the revenue share is closer to a 50-50 split in North America).

To get around those limits, some studios have tried making local-language productions, movies in Cantonese and Mandarin, rather than simply relying on exporting movies from the United States. Disney has launched a Chinese High School Musical, while 20th Century Fox made the successful Chinese romantic comedy Hot Summer Days.

Neither modestly-budgeted project is likely to travel outside Asia. At the same time, China is reaching out to American producers.

"On every front, China is trying to globalise and internationalise itself," says Orville Schell, who has written extensively about the region, including the book Virtual Tibet: Searching for Shangri-La From the Himalayas to Hollywood.

He says US movie studios, like global pop culture consumers, increasingly are drawn to the region. "It's a go-to spot that has a lot of cachet."

The Karate Kid deal follows a different model, in which an American studio and a Chinese, government-run movie arm collaborate on a production. "The access was key," Belgrad says. "We had an unprecedented amount of production value by shooting there."

While the financial and location benefits can be material, so too can questions of interference. The American makers of 2006's The Painted Veil, which filmed all over China, said their Chinese production and finance partners asked that several of the film's sequences about the Chinese Revolution and the country's cholera victims be redacted.

By setting The Karate Kid in modern-day China, the film-makers were able to magnify the original film's fish-out-of-water plot (in the first film, Macchio plays a New Jersey teen who relocates with his single mother to Los Angeles).

In the new story, Smith's Dre and his mother (Taraji P. Henson) leave Detroit for Beijing when she changes jobs. Soon after arriving, Dre is confronted by a band of local bullies.

Lassister says that while China Film was worried about the film's depiction of bullying, they were able to reach a common ground. "We talked about the necessity of the fighting, and the level of the violence," he says.

Determined to fight back, Dre enlists Mr Han (Chan), a mysterious maintenance man who teaches Dre the Chinese martial art of kung fu. (There's really no karate in the film, and Sony wrestled with changing the title to "Kung Fu Kid," but the original film's producer, Jerry Weintraub, nixed the idea.)

In following the trajectory of the first film, Dre in the new Karate Kid spends more and more time with Mr Han, who ultimately becomes the boy's surrogate father.

Jaden Smith trained for four months to hone his fighting, studying under Wu Gang, Chan's stunt co-ordinator. "It's great, and it's fun - but it's very hard work," Smith told the Los Angeles Times this year.

Sony privately says The Karate Kid is among the studio's highest-testing movies.

Equally important, the production has shown Sony and Overbrook that filming in China can be rewarding. But do not look for an American studio to propose making a film about the Dalai Lama or 1989's Tiananmen Square protests in China - the country may love light, entertaining fare, but it is far less interested in examining the more complicated aspects of its own history.

"If you're going to get into something political," Schell says, "China is not your destination of choice."

Overbrook and Sony are ready to go back. Says Lassiter: "It was a fantastic experience. And it helps with our overall objective to become a global film production company."

 

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